FREE ESSAY ON WALT WHITMAN

WALT WHITMAN

Walt Whitman
Walt Whitman was born on May 31, 1819, in West Hills, Long Island, New York. He was the
second of six children. From 1825-1830, he attended public school in Brooklyn. After his
years of education, Walt Whitman experimented with many different jobs. From 1836-1838,
Whitman taught at several schools in Long Island. After teaching, Walt Whitman returned
to printing and editing in New York. During this time he edited many papers such as the
Aurora (daily newspaper), Evening Tattler, Brooklyn Weekly Freeman, Brooklyn Daily Eagle
and the Brooklyn Times. In addition to editing, he also wrote for the Long Island Star.
From 1850-1854, Whitman owned and operated a printing office and a stationary store.
During this time , he also began to build houses and do some carpentry.
In 1855, Walt Whitman published his first edition of Leaves of Grass. However, at the
time, Whitman did not reveal to the public the name of the author or the publisher.
Whitman continued writing new editions of Leaves of Grass. Before he passed away, in
1892, Whitman published eleven volumes of Leaves of Grass.
In addition to writing eleven volumes of Leaves of Grass, Whitman also wrote a volume of
poetry titled "Drum-Traps" which was published in 1865. Whitman was inspired to write
these poems after spending a lot of time with many soldiers who were wounded in the Civil
War. Many of these books did not begin to sell until the war was over.
Not long after that, in 1873, Whitman suffered the first of many paralytic attacks. These
attackleft him an invalid. Walt Whitman decided to live the rest of his life in Camden,
New Jersey. This town was located near the river ferries which he loved to watch. He
enjoyed the many visitors who came to honor him. In 1888, the paralysis increased. This
caused his death on March 26, 1892. He is now buried in a tomb in Hurleigh Cemetery. 
How and Why did the themes of WaltWhitman's writing change over time?In 1855, Walt
Whitman published his first piece of literature, Leaves of Grass. During his life, he
wrote on a number of different subjects. The year of 1861 brought many changes in his
life. This year and the years that followed, changed Whitman's life and the poetry that
he wrote for two major reasons.
"Clearly 1861, with coming of the Civil War, marked a turning point for Whitman: he shed
his past and began a new career with new poetry and new themes" (Walt Whitman, pg.18).
Although Walt Whitman did not see the Civil War coming, he was very interested in it. At
this time 
Whitman was forty-one years old and was obviously beyond the age of enlistment. Besides
being to old, Whitman also had to remain at home and take care of his mother (he had been
taking care of her since his fathers death in 1855). Although Whitman was to old, he was
determined to be involved in the war. In 1862, Whitman heard the new that his brother had
been hurt near Fredricksburg, Virginia. As a result, Whitman traveled to Virginia to help
his brother. Although his brother was never wounded, this trip changed Whitman's life.
Walt Whitman had finally found his place to get involved in the war. Upon learning the
news that his brother was not wounded, Whitman decided to travel back to Washington DC.
When Whitman was traveling to Fredricksburg, VA, he saw so many wounded soldiers in
Washington DC, who he wanted to help. So, he spent at least a couple of hours each day
bringing material goods to the wounded soldiers. Many times these goods would be writing
paper or magazines. As a result of volunteering for a couple hours each day, the themes
of Whitman's poems had dramatically changed.
In 1873, a couple more changes occurred in Whitman's life. At the beginning of the year ,
he became an invalid. This was a result of two things: a minor stroke along with the
death of his mother in May of 1873. Whitman and his mother had a very close relationship.
One poem that Whitman wrote was titled, Starting from Paumanok. The opening lines of this
poem shows some of the admiration that Walt Whitman had for his mother. The death of his
mother caused great pain for Whitman. This left him feeling extreme isolation and
depression. "Declining in energy and feeling intense loneliness, Whitman was passing
through the greatest depression of his life" (Walt Whitman, pg. 19). The poem that he
wrote that revealed his depression was Prayers of Columbus.
Despite the fact that Walt Whitman wrote about a variety of subjects, there are two main
things that changed his writings. These two factors are the Civil War and the death of
his mother. As a result of these two factors, the tone and mood in which he wrote
changed. As a whole these two factors changed his writings completely.
What motivated WaltWhitman to write? There are many things in Walt Whitman's life which 
motivated him to write. With these motivations he developed a sense of determination.
This as a whole helped him achieve overall success.
Before any work, Whitman experimented with many different jobs. He was a teacher, an
editor and a journeyman printer for several different newspapers. This is where his
experience in writing and publishing began.
The first piece of work that Whitman published was Leaves of Grass, in 1855. This first
edition did not sell very well. As a result, Whitman made an attempt to change this. He
sent numerous copies of his book to other well known poets. Among these poets was Ralph
Waldo Emerson. Not long after that Whitman received a response from Emerson. This
response back to him encouraged him tremendously. Although his first edition of Leaves of
Grass did not sell very well, this did not discourage him. In fact, he was motivated by
Emerson's letter that sections from the letter were included in the second edition of
Leaves of Grass. The spine of this edition reads, "I greet you at the beginning of a
great career". 
In conclusion this letter from Emerson was Whitman's key motivation. "Whitman was in
every sense of the word a practicing poet" (Walt Whitman, pg. 13).
Who is the poem O Captain! MY Captain! about?Why was this poem written? During the times
of the Civil War, Walt Whitman experienced different surroundings. Throughout all his
time seeing the actions of the Civil War, he greatly honored one man. This one man was
Abraham Lincoln. Even though Whitman never met Lincoln, he saw him almost every day
during one season, when the president, who was living out of town, rode by on his horse
surrounded by a squad of cavalrymen. Whitman shared Lincoln's sympathy with people
everywhere that where struggling to be free. Through all this political matters Whitman
and Lincoln fully agreed. They stood for those "axioms of a free society" (Our Literary
Heritage, pg. 119).
The poem O Captain! My Captain! was about the assassination of Abraham Lincoln. Although
Whitman had never met Lincoln, Whitman wrote in such great detail that you would believe
he was standing next to Lincoln when he was killed.